Materials that provide protection against NBC weapons Decontamination (CLEAN) When the dish is extremely dangerous to the environment including NBC weapons or substances used can spread them. These substances are to live, materials, equipment, and land and building facilities to infect them dangerous polluting size (contamination) leads to disease and death, materials, prevent the use of buildings and land. In this case, ensure the continuation of the duties of officials and those affected with danger for those affected must be cleaned to remove the danger of contamination. This processing (decontamination) is called. According to the available material: 1. PHYSICAL (Agent to remove from the environment), 2 CHEMICAL (make the structure safe broke Agent) are likely to be two ways. The decontamination process is carried out by fully trained and equipped personnel. Cleaning is necessary to apply the general principles while absolute. GENERAL PRINCIPLES: 1- The cleaning process should be done using conscious and full protective equipment (protective clothing, masks, boots, gloves). 2- Quick cleaning should be done, 3- Only required to be cleaned, 4- cleaning should be done without spreading contamination. To be cleaned materials, tools, cleaning supplies should be cleaned in the shade, 5- should be clear in order of priority. Accordingly, priority should always be cleaned skin. Cleaned respectively after the most necessary. Within these principles decontamination (cleaning) is performed in three levels. 1. Personal Hygiene: Both itself is made when both the hardware dirty. 2. Partial (Regional) Cleaning: elimination of pollution in the contaminated area as to allow the task to be continued. 3. All or General Cleaning: to continue to work without the use of protective equipment for all levels of pollution is cleaned to provide. Each level of decontamination (cleaning) rules must be complied with when: 1. Remain calm, 2- Health staff, notify the police and fire brigade, 3- weather in the region and to determine the wind direction, 4- Dirty region entering the thick wind or the wind behind you, 5. Event of personal protective equipment or dirty areas approaching your bird's (protective clothing, masks, boots, gloves), 6. Stay safe area until his team until Identification agent identified. (With protective equipment 25 meters, teçhizatsız is 90 yards away, on the wind, on a hill, if visible cloud or fog Wait until) 7. Select the agent with the decisive method. If the biological agent requires special measures and the need to avoid contact. In this case, the operation determining agent. But it should make appropriate health care team. The effects of biological agents occurs after several days. 8. Area secured, 9. Secure the entrance way and the place to konuşlanıl, Determine the status and number of people affected 10-, 11 of the type of injury (visible symptoms) Identify, 12. Talk to the Wounded (First Aid Remember the rules), Take 13 wounded, and perform decontamination of casualties and medical staff before posting. Make the transition from here to create clean corridor. 14. This case is recorded for the report. DECONTAMINATION AGENTS: Decontamination (cleaning) version affect trained staff and agents and with the material is performed. Decontamination substances known features can be summarized as follows: What kind of pollution by how they are used against. A) Standard Cleaners. 1. STB 2- DS2 3- Soaps and Detergents B) Special Cleaners: 1) Calcium Hypochlorite (soda-lime water or bleach. Biological-Chemical) 2) propanone (acetone Chemical) 3) ethylene glycol (antifreeze chemical) 4) sodium carbonate (washing soda Chemical) 5) oxidizing cleaning agents (Nuclear) a) Potassium permanganate b) The potassium and sodium dikronat c) nitric acid 6) Iodine tablets (Biological) 7) Ethylene oxide (Biological) 8) Solvent (Chemical) C) Natural Cleaning Products: 1) Water, Water Vapor 2) absorbent particles (clay, sawdust, fly ash, THREADWASTE) 3) Weather A) Standard Cleaners. 1 STB: (Super Tropical Bleach) "hot climates lime" is also called. Chlorinated lime is a white powder as a mixture of calcium oxide. DS2 in contact with heat and flame is formed. Lewisite, mustard gas and nerve gas to convert to harmless compounds. Is effective against biological warfare agent. Two kinds of mixtures prepared for chemical contamination. a) Dry Mix: 2 scale STB, prepared with 3 parts soil or sand. b) Slurry Mixture: 40% STB, is prepared by mixing about 60% water. At least 30 minutes after application to surfaces exposed to dirt and allowed to stand while the end of this surface is washed with clean water. Rather it is used for cleaning the land and buildings. Used to clean the iron assembly. Corrosive and has a corrosive effect. 2- DS2: 70% diethylene Triyat's, 28% mono methyl ether, a toxic chemical agent consisting of 2% sodium hydroxide. Chemicals used for cleaning of warfare agent. Is an effective cleaning agent. MI exile material surfaces which are exposed to pollution while at the end of 30 minutes should be expected, and the surface should be washed with clean water. Used in skin cleansing. In case of contact with skin, wash with plenty of water. Avoid breathing vapors should. If contacted with the STB and washing water will start to burn. Due to the low flashpoint of not sprayed onto a surface heated above 75 ° C. Staff and used for the mask cleaning. 3- Soaps and Detergents: Mixture; 3.7 liters of water is prepared by mixing 453 grams of soap and detergent and hot water is more effective than cold water. Surfaces exposed to chemical contamination is cleaned by rubbing with hot soapy water and detergent solution. The small parts are cleaned by immersion in a solution. Rinsed with water. B) Special Cleaners: 1. Calcium Hypochlorite (soda-lime water or bleach): 5% or 10% solution is used by luke obtained. Including bacterial spores is an effective cleaning agent against all chemical warfare agent. Mustard gas and blasted against Levizt point that happens in 5 minutes. The dry mixture and used as slurry. Not recommended for iron parts. Pure calcium hipokrolit VX takes fire when in contact with HD or DS2. Destroys toxic gas when the clothes and skin burns. In contact with skin or clothing, wash with plenty of water cleaner. 2-propanone (acetone): The Remove nail polish and acetone used in daily life substance in very cold regions as oil paint thinner is a good cleaning agent. Evaporates quickly. The cleaning effect can be increased by brushes. It is highly flammable. Does not neutralize the chemical agent. Liquid and soluble substances is effective. 3- ethylene glycol (antifreeze): Pollution destroys physically. The solution is stirred with 50% to 50% water. Chemical pollution can not make ineffective. Exposed to contamination should be removed by brushing the surface with a cleaning agent and then rinsed. 4- sodium carbonate: the solution must be prepared to be used to clean the contamination of 10%. For this purpose, prepared by adding 4.5 kg of soda in 45 liters of water. Is a very fast-acting chemical warfare agents against a cleaning agent. I used iron components. The hot solution is more effective. 5- oxidizing cleaning agents (Nuclear): a) Potassium permanganate b) The potassium and sodium dikronat c) nitric acid Are prepared in the melt. Applying on contaminants detergent solution, rinsed with water, followed by fresh water. Is corrosive. 6 Iodine tablets (biological): used for cleaning of contaminated drinking water and use. 1 liter of water and 1-2 is provided by cleaning the tablet. Water is used after a long standing. 7. Ethylene oxide (Biological) is effective against all micro-organisms including bacteria. Combustible material. Was applied to the surface is expected to 6 hours. Waiting period is extended for applications below 25 ° s. 8- solvent (chemical): Degreaser feature disrupt the structure of chemical weapons by reason. C) Natural Cleaning Products: 1. Water: Hot water is more effective than cold water. Hydrolyze separating the molecules of water with some chemical warfare agent. Not very effective against water and oil-porous surfaces. Physical cleanliness is important. Chemical cleaning can not provide the desired effect. 2. Steam: The use of soiled surfaces by brushing on Steam is more effective than using only steam. Pollution is effective in physically removed. But can not be made ineffective. 3. Absorbent materials (clay, sawdust, ash, THREADWASTE) thick pollution in the surface layer is used for physical removal. Pollution, the surface is contaminated by Careers absorbent. Absorbent should see the dirty longer process. PERSONAL DECONTAMINATION: You should immediately start cleaning you do not have appropriate protective equipment. Application: 1. Exit the dirty region 2. If on skin contamination; - Knife, scrape the edge of the board or book with agents from the skin, - Absorb agent using absorbent materials, 3. Remove clothing from the Agent after leaving skin - M 258 Al If decontamination cleaning kit, do it properly or using chemical cleaners, - If you have to spray water, - Apply absorbent whatever, if any. 4- Wear clean clothes, 5- The data concerned the report to go to the secure area. Skin Care: Cleansing of one's own self or a friend is someone cleaning will apply. Step recovery and survival is dependent on the location of the cleaning and equipment. Others injured by walkers must be separated according to gender if the possibilities. If you do not allow decontamination work must be performed in accordance with the standards. According to this; 1. Remove the dress if great contamination, 2. The extraction process has to be done from scratch Always remove cutting. (Clothing in each case should be removed right away from the body and pollution scraped to stay inside) 3. Then wash hands with soap and water, 4 Unless otherwise charms and if you have devices (hearing aids, glasses, jewelry, watches, wigs, etc.). Remove them, 5. Flush eyes with plenty of water, remove the lens or glasses, 6. Wash the face and hair with soap and warm water, 7. Starting from the spot at the bottom of the Strait begin decontamination other parts of the body. Meanwhile, the applied without pressure to the skin of the material used. 0.5% hypochlorite to melt into, or wash with warm soapy water, rinse with warm water. Continue to wash necessarily start from the beginning and from the hands and other areas. 8- uncontaminated clothing or blankets covering dress, 9. Immediately transport to health facilities During the decontamination of people if not self, is seriously injured or fainted should be very careful. In this case, you may need in their clothes dekontaminasyonu. Still, like skin decontamination. But more staff and supplies are required. Removed the clothes and belongings should be placed in plastic bags and stored separately. Then decontamination is performed. After a successful decontamination must be put mark on the forehead of the wounded. When you are done - Made decontamination of description, - Decontamination of time, - Decontamination whether there is any other information deemed appropriate medical practice with and be issued which includes the information card. A copy of that card is stored in the decontamination center. After decontamination must be checked again with the wounded monitor, or other methods. After verification is sent to the injured collection point to be shipped to the hospital. Decontamination methods that are appropriate to their clothing or other materials (5% hypochlorite melt) must be clean.